Top soil P concentrations and P forms under five typical vegetation types were analyzed in the low mountainous area of Chao Lake. The results indicated that soil of the secondary Masson pine forest had higher contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total P and available P. In contrary, mine tails bare land had both lower soil nutrient levels and soil pH values. Among all the five sample lands investigated, the top 20 cm soil was detected extremely low in both Ex-P and Ca-P. Specifically, soil plant available P (Fe-P and Al-P) of the shrub land and secondary Masson pine forest land was significantly higher than other lands while concentration of soil inertial P (O-P, Ca-P and Res-P) was found higher in grassland and secondary Masson forest land, where the place was featured by a stable community structure. A higher Res-P was detected in 5-10 cm soil for the artificial forestlands, while all the three P forms were lower among all soil layers for the mine tails bare lands. However, the ratio of Fe-P and Al-P in total P concentration was the highest in mine tail bare land which indicated the serious erosion occurred. Overall, contents of Ex-P, Al-P, O-P, Ca-P and TP decreased with soil depth increased but no obvious pattern among soil layers. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation occurred between soil Res-P and other soil P forms. Moreover, positive correlation was also detected among soil mineralized P forms, namely, Ex-P, Fe-P and Al-P as well as soil nutrient conditions and soil P forms while negative correlation was observed between available P and O-P as well as Res-P.