生物炭与常规施肥对烟草生长及镉污染吸收的影响
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作者单位:

河南农业大学烟草学院 国家烟草栽培生理生化基地 河南 郑州;吉林烟草工业有限责任公司 吉林 延吉;山西省运城市平陆县优质烟叶开发服务中心 山西 运城,河南农业大学烟草学院 国家烟草栽培生理生化基地 河南 郑州,河南农业大学烟草学院 国家烟草栽培生理生化基地 河南 郑州,河南农业大学烟草学院 国家烟草栽培生理生化基地 河南 郑州,河南农业大学烟草学院 国家烟草栽培生理生化基地 河南 郑州,吉林烟草工业有限责任公司 吉林 延吉,吉林烟草工业有限责任公司 吉林 延吉,山西省运城市平陆县优质烟叶开发服务中心 山西 运城

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S153

基金项目:

吉林烟草工业有限责任公司、中国烟草总公司山西省公司重点科技攻关项目(JY201201)资助。


Effects of Biochar and Conventional Fertilization on Tobacco Growth and Cadmium Uptake
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Institute of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center;Tobacco Industrial Limited company of Jilin;Pinglu County Service Center for Development f High-quality Flue-cured Tobacco,Institute of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center,Institute of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center,Institute of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center,Institute of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiology and Biochemistry Research Center,Tobacco Industrial Limited company of Jilin,Tobacco Industrial Limited company of Jilin,Pinglu County Service Center for Development f High-quality Flue-cured Tobacco

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    摘要:

    采用盆栽试验,研究了生物炭、复合肥、有机肥施用对Cd污染土壤上烟草生物量、烟叶抗氧化酶活性、Cd含量、根际土壤pH、土壤有效态Cd含量的影响。结果表明,生物炭与常规肥料配施能显著提高烟草各部位生物量及烟叶抗氧化酶活性,促进烟株的生长;5种处理烟株对Cd的转运能力表现为茎/根<叶/根,烟叶Cd含量表现为下部叶>中部叶>上部叶,烟株Cd含量表现为烟叶>茎>根;生物炭对上部叶Cd含量的削减效应低于有机肥,对根系Cd含量的削减效应高于有机肥,生物炭与复合肥、有机肥配施烟草各部位Cd含量下降最明显;施加生物炭能显著提高烟草根际土壤pH,而复合肥却在一定程度上降低了土壤pH;生物炭、有机肥能降低土壤中有效态Cd含量,有效态Cd含量与根际pH呈极显著负相关。另外,生物炭与有机肥、复合肥配施能更好地提高烟叶抗氧化酶活性,增强烟株的抗逆性,从而减少烟草对Cd的吸收。

    Abstract:

    The influences of biochar on the biomass of tobacco, antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves, cadmium (Cd) content in tobacco, rhizosphere soil pH and soil available Cd content under the organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer were studied with pot experiment to investigate the effect of combination of biochar and conventional fertilization on tobacco growth and Cd cumulation. The results showed that the combination of biochar and conventional fertilization promoted the growth of tobacco plants, increased the biomass of each part of tobacco and enhanced the root activity and antioxidant enzyme activity of tobacco. Among the five groups of experiment, the transport capacity of Cd in tobacco plant showed that stem/root<leaf/root, Cd content in tobacco leaves were in order of lower leaves >mid-leaves > upper leaves, Cd contents in tobacco were of leaf > stem > root. The treatment with biochar was less effective than organic fertilizer in decreasing Cd content in top leaves, but more effective in decreasing Cd content in root. Cd content of various parts of tobacco was significantly decreased under the combination of biochar, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer. The combination of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer was more effective than the combination of biochar and compound fertilize in reducing Cd pollution in tobacco because biochar treatment significantly increased soil pH and compound fertilizer decreased soil pH. Biochar and organic fertilizer decreased the content of available Cd whose content was extremely significantly negative correlation with rhizosphere pH. As a result, the tobacco under the combination of biochar, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer reduced Cd absorption because the combination led better growth and stronger resistance to tobacco.

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许跃奇,赵铭钦,尤方芳,陈发元,李 慧,金洪石,金江华,李天鹏.生物炭与常规施肥对烟草生长及镉污染吸收的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(3):510-515. XU Yueqi, ZHAO Mingqin, YOU Fangfang, CHEN Fayuan, LI Hui, JIN Hongshi, JIN Jianghua, LI Tianpeng. Effects of Biochar and Conventional Fertilization on Tobacco Growth and Cadmium Uptake[J]. Soils,2016,48(3):510-515

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-11
  • 最后修改日期:2015-04-12
  • 录用日期:2015-05-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-06-01
  • 出版日期: 2016-06-25