工业遗留场地复合型污染分层健康风险评估研究
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苏州市环境科学研究所,苏州市环境科学研究所,苏州市环境科学研究所,苏州市环境科学研究所

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X820.4

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国家自然科学基金项目(31570515)和苏州市科技发展支撑计划项目(SS201421)资助。


Layered Health Risk Assessment in a Compound Industrial Contaminated Site
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Suzhou Environmental Science Research Institute,Suzhou,Suzhou Environmental Science Research Institute,Suzhou,Suzhou Environmental Science Research Institute,Suzhou,Suzhou Environmental Science Research Institute,Suzhou

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    摘要:

    以某典型有机物-重金属复合型污染场地为研究对象,根据该场地水文地质特征将土层划分为回填土(0 ~ 4.1 m)、粉质黏土(4.1 ~ 6.5 m)、粉土(6.5 ~ 8.5 m)和粉砂(8.5 ~ 13.8 m)等 4 层,运用 HERA 软件分别进行健康风险评估,推算了土壤和地下水的风险值及修复目标值,并以此划分修复范围和确定修复技术。结果表明,土壤中存在严重的有机污染(苯和甲苯)和重金属(Cr(Ⅵ))污染,苯的最大致癌风险为 0.000 155,甲苯的最大非致癌危害商为 2.14;Cr(Ⅵ) 在下层土壤中不存在暴露途径危害人体健康,而仅在表层回填土中存在致癌和非致癌危害商(0.014 2 和 97.6);地下水中关注污染物健康风险在可接受范围内;苯、甲苯在各土层中的修复目标值分别为:回填土层 0.434、708 mg/kg;粉质黏土层 0.807、2 460 mg/kg;粉土层 1.42、4 440 mg/kg;粉砂层 2.51、8 140 mg/kg;Cr(Ⅵ)仅在回填土层计算出修复目标值为 0.251 mg/kg。苯、甲苯等挥发性有机物分层修复目标值随土层深度增加而变大,Cr(Ⅵ) 等重金属修复目标值不遵循这个规律,因此,分层健康风险评估更适用于挥发性有机物健康风险评价。

    Abstract:

    Taking a typical organic and heavy metal contaminated site as the study object, the soils were divided into four layers, backfill soil layer (0 – 4.1 m), silty clay layer (4.1 – 6.5 m), silt soil layer (6.5 – 8.5 m) and silty sand layer (8.5 – 13.8 m) based on hydro-geological characteristics. Layered health risk assessment was carried out by HERA software. The risk levels and remediation targets of concerned contaminants in soil and groundwater were estimated, and on the basis remediation area and technology were determined. The results indicated the presence of serious organic (benzene and methylbenzene) and heavy metal (Cr(Ⅵ)) contamination in soil. The maximum carcinogenic risk of benzene and non-carcinogenic hazard quotient of methylbenzene were 0.000 155 and 2.14; Cr(Ⅵ) in surface soil had carcinogenic risks (0.014 2) and non-carcinogenic hazard quotients (97.6), while Cr(Ⅵ) in lower soil was not harmful to health due to no exposure pathway. The health risk of concerned contaminants in groundwater was within the acceptable range. The remediation targets of benzene and methylbenzene in different layers were 0.434, 708 mg/kg in backfill soil layer, 0.807, 2 460 mg/kg in silty clay layer, 1.42, 4 440 mg/kg in silt soil layer and 2.51, 8 140 mg/kg in silty sand layer. However, the remediation target of Cr(Ⅵ) only calculated was 0.251 mg/kg in backfill soil layer. The remediation targets of VOCs (benzene and methylbenzene) increased with soil depth increase, while the remediation targets of heavy metal (Cr(Ⅵ)) did not follow this rule. Therefore, layered health risk assessment is more suitable for the health risk assessment of VOCs.

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许 伟,施维林,沈 桢,张建荣,郑家传.工业遗留场地复合型污染分层健康风险评估研究[J].土壤,2016,48(2):322-330. XU Wei, SHI Wei-lin, SHEN Zhen, ZHANG Jian-rong, ZHENG Jia-chuan. Layered Health Risk Assessment in a Compound Industrial Contaminated Site[J]. Soils,2016,48(2):322-330

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  • 收稿日期:2015-09-11
  • 最后修改日期:2016-01-12
  • 录用日期:2016-02-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-01
  • 出版日期: 2016-04-25