Texture configuration of soil profile plays a great role for soil quality and soil productivity, especially in alluvial plain. However, this index was found seldom to be used in soil quality evaluation, and the selected factors for soil quality are mostly lack of explicit biological significance. In this study, 39 soil profiles and 113 soil auger samples were decided and soil samples were collected in Fenqiu county of Henan Province. 9 kinds of texture configuration of soil profiles were determined and their membership were obtained by using fuzzy C means clustering (FCM), the membership distribution map of the study area was edited with Kriging interpolation method. Based on expert knowledge, texture configuration was scored according to soil tilth and crop suitability. The comprehensive scores of texture configuration of soil profiles of the study area was edited in ArcGIS 9.2 platform. The minimum data set (MDS) was setup for soil quality evaluation by using principal component analysis (PCA) with the support of crop yield data and soil properties. Soil quality indexes (SQI) were calculated and compared by using MDS with or without texture configuration of soil profiles. The results showed this kind of assessment can disclose well soil quality in the study area, correlation was improved between SQI and crop yields when considering texture configuration of soil profiles. Thus, texture configuration of soil profiles is an essential indicator for soil quality evaluation in the alluvial plain and similar regions.