The implementation of rotation fallow system is one of the effective ways to realize the strategy of supply side reform in agriculture and to adapt to the direction of structural adjustment of crop planting under the new normal in our country. In this paper, firstly, we introduced the background, connotation and strategic significance of rotation fallow. Secondly, we analyzed the key points and problems in the experiment of implementing rotation fallow system. Finally, we summarized the key techniques of fallowing in groundwater funnel area, heavy metal polluted area and ecologically degraded area and put forward respectively the measures of restoring balance, environment restoration and ecology protection in order to provide references for the experiment of the rotation fallow system in China.