Soil carbon management index is a comprehensive index to characterize the accumulation and quality of soil organic carbon. In this paper, four land use types of red soil including farmland, tea garden, orchard and uncultivated land were selected, and the distribution of total organic carbon and active organic carbon as well as soil carbon pool management index(CPMI) of 0-40 cm layer were measured and calculated in order to explore the technical indexes of rational plow layer construction. The results showed that: 1) Total soil organic carbon and active organic carbon under different land use types were in the order of farmland> orchard≈tea garden> uncultivated land, compared with uncultivated land, soil organic carbon and active organic carbon were significantly increased in the other three land use types (P <0.05). 2) Reclamation and dryland utilization of red soil could significantly improve soil CPMI (P <0.05), but CPMI was significantly different (P <0.05) in 0-10 cm layer in an order of farmland> orchard ≈garden (P <0.05); in 0-20 cm layer, CPMIs of farmland and tea garden were similar (P >0.05), but both significant different with that of orchard (P <0.05); in 20-40 cm layer, no significant difference existed in the three different land uses (P >0.05). Therefore, reclamation of red soil can improve soil carbon pool management, and the effect of farmland is better than those of orchard and tea garden.