不同类型短期逆境胁迫对蕉园土壤团聚体 组成及酶活性的影响
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S182

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国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB150504)和国家自然科学基金项目(41671256)资助。


Effects of Different Short-Term Stresses on Aggregate Compositions and Enzyme Activities of Banana Orchard Soil
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    摘要:

    采集海南蕉园土壤,通过室内模拟试验研究不同类型环境胁迫对土壤团聚体组成及酶活性的影响。土样经干旱、渍水、酸化和病原菌入侵处理后,采用湿筛法筛分不同粒径团聚体,并进行土壤酶活性和微生物检测。结果发现,除酸化处理土壤 >2 mm团聚体比例高于对照外,其余各处理土样>0.25 mm团聚体所占比例与对照相比均显著下降,而<0.25 mm小团聚体比例均显著增加。土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶等的酶活性与对照相比下降20% ~ 90%。土样经不同处理后细菌数量均显著降低,酸化和病原菌入侵后尖孢镰刀菌数量由原来102 CFU/g分别提高到103 CFU/g及104 CFU/g。Miseq测序结果显示,土壤微生物群落结构也发生了显著变化。结果表明,短期逆境胁迫会影响蕉园土壤结构及功能,降低土壤质量。

    Abstract:

    The soil samples were collected from banana orchard in Hainan island. The distribution of soil aggregates and enzyme activities were analyzed, after cultured in various environment such as drouth, wet, acidification and pathogen invasion (Fusarium oxysporum). The soil aggregates (> 2, 2-0.25, 0.25-0.053 and < 0.053 mm) were separated by wet sieve method. The results showed that the proportion of water-stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) significantly decreased, except for the >2mm macroaggregates undergoing acidification. In contrast, microaggregates (< 0.25 mm) increased significantly in all the treatments, compared with the control. In addition, activities of soil invertase, urease, phosphatase and catalase were reduced by 20%-90%. Furthermore, the populations of bacteria were also significantly reduced. After acidification and pathogen invasion, the numbers of F. oxysporum were significantly increased from 102 CFU/g to 103 CFU/g and 104 CFU/g respectively. The analysis of soil DNA indicated that soil microbial community structure was significantly changed after drouth, wet, acidification and pathogen invasion treatments. This study showed that adverse environmental factors seriously affected the soil quality, e.g., aggregate formation and soil enzyme activities.

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邓照亮,陈莎莎,孙 敏,杨 华,李 真,王世梅,沈其荣.不同类型短期逆境胁迫对蕉园土壤团聚体 组成及酶活性的影响[J].土壤,2018,50(3):485-490. DENg Zhaoliang, CHEN Shasha, SUN Min, YANG Hua, LI Zhen, WANG Shimei, SHEN Qirong. Effects of Different Short-Term Stresses on Aggregate Compositions and Enzyme Activities of Banana Orchard Soil[J]. Soils,2018,50(3):485-490

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-31
  • 最后修改日期:2017-06-27
  • 录用日期:2017-07-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-05-29
  • 出版日期: 2018-06-25