The data of soil temperatures and moistures in 10 minute interval in the meteorological observation field under Picea crassifolia forestland and grassland in the Pailugou basin of the Qilian Mountain Forest Ecological Station were analyzed with the methods of comparative analysis and linear trend. Results showed that daily soil temperatures showed sinusoidal changes in 10 cm and 20 cm soil depths and linear changes in 40 cm, 60 cm and 80 cm soil depths. Soil temperature reached the highest at the end of July and then began to decline both for forestland and grassland, reached the lowest in early February for forestland and in late December for grassland. Freeze-up period of forestland is longer than that of grassland. Solar radiation did not influence the daily change of soil moisture in forestland and grassland. Dynamic changes of soil moistures were coincident and all showed sinusoidal changes in different soil depths under forestland. Soil moisture was low and changed little during the freeze-up period but changed obviously in other time. In forestland, soil temperatures and moistures were kept in a relatively stable range and with the same change trend in different soil depths except in 40 cm soil depth. In grassland, soil temperature and moisture changed inversely before soil freeze-up and after soil thaw. During the freezing period, topsoil temperature and moisture were also kept in a relatively stable range, with obvious change in temperature but unobvious change in moisture, while soil temperatures and moistures changed consistently in other soil depths.