黄土区坡面尺度不同植被类型土壤饱和导水率 剖面分布及影响因素
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S152.7+2

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国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41601221),国家重点研发计划重点专项项目 (2016YFC0501605)和中国科学院水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金项目(A314021402-1602)资助。


Profile Distribution of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Controlling Factors Under Different Vegetations on Slope in Loess Region
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    摘要:

    土壤饱和导水率(Ks)是影响水、溶质运移过程和水文模型模拟精度的重要参数,了解坡面尺度下不同植被类型Ks的剖面分布与影响因素有助于更好地理解土壤水文过程及其调控机制。本研究通过测定典型黄土区坡面尺度不同植被类型下12个土壤剖面(0 ~ 200 cm)的Ks及土壤基本性质,分析了不同坡向间及同一坡向内随植被类型变化土壤Ks的剖面分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:不同植被类型下土壤Ks首先随着土壤深度的增加而减小,而后呈增大趋势。东北坡林地、西坡草地和林地剖面上层(0 ~ 20 cm)的平均土壤Ks(Ks-average)均显著高于剖面下层(20 ~ 200 cm) (P<0.05)。同一坡向内不同植被类型及不同坡向间相同植被类型0 ~ 20 cm土层的Ks-average没有显著差异(P>0.05);而由于土壤质地和有机质含量的差异,20 ~ 200 cm土层的Ks-average表现为同一坡向内东北坡草地显著高于林地(P<0.05),不同坡向间东北坡草地和林地分别显著高于西坡草地和林地(P<0.05)。六道沟小流域不同植被类型下土壤Ks与容重、黏粒含量、粉粒含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.001),与毛管孔隙度、饱和含水量、砂粒以及有机质含量(西坡草地除外)呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。影响六道沟小流域Ks剖面分布的因素可由土壤持水特性(49.36%)、质地(24.98%)和养分含量(13.92%)3个主成分贡献。本研究利用多元逐步回归分析获得了以容重、土壤质地和有机质为输入因子的土壤Ks传递函数(R2 = 0.60 ~ 0.86,P<0.001),可为典型黄土区坡面尺度土壤Ks的模拟和预测提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is an important parameter influencing hydrological processes and the accuracy of hydrological model simulation. Understanding the profile distribution of Ks and their controlling factors under different vegetations at the slope scale are conductive to better understand the hydrological process and its regulation mechanism. In this study, the Ks and soil basic properties were measured of 12 profiles (0—200 cm) under different vegetations on slopes. These profiles were chosen according to different vegetations (grassland and forestland) and different slope aspects (northeast orientation and west orientation). The objective of this study is to examine the changes in the vertical distribution of Ks and to identify the main controlling factors for the variations of Ks at the slope scale in a relative small region. The results showed that Ks under different vegetations decreased initially with depth and then tended to increase downward, and the average values of Ks (Ks-average) in 0—20 cm soil layer were significantly higher than that in 20—200 cm soil layer (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of the Ks-average in 0—20 cm soil layer among different vegetation types in the same slope as well as between different slopes for the same vegetation type (P > 0.05). However, due to the differences of soil texture and organic matter, the Ks-average in 20—200 cm soil layer under grassland was higher than that under forestland in the northeast organization slope, and the Ks-average in 20—200 cm soil layer in northeast orientation slope was higher than that in west orientation slope whether under grassland or forestland (P< 0.05). Ks under different vegetations were positively correlated with capillary porosity, saturated water content, sand and organic matter (except grassland in the west orientation slope) (P < 0.05), but were negatively correlated with bulk density, clay and silt content (P< 0.05). The factors influencing Ks can be attributed to three principal components: soil water retention capacity (49.36%), soil texture (24.98%) and soil fertility characteristic (13.92%). Based on the effects of soil properties, the pedotransfer functions (PTFs) of Ks under different vegetations were proposed by using multiple stepwise regression analysis. The PTFs with inputs of bulk density, soil texture and organic matter had a better fitting ability of Ks (R2 = 0.60 ~ 0.86,P < 0.001), which could be used as a reference for the simulation and prediction of Ks at the slope scale in Liudaogou watershed.

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毛 娜,黄来明,邵明安.黄土区坡面尺度不同植被类型土壤饱和导水率 剖面分布及影响因素[J].土壤,2019,51(2):381-389. MAO Na, HUANG Laiming, SHAO Mingan. Profile Distribution of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Controlling Factors Under Different Vegetations on Slope in Loess Region[J]. Soils,2019,51(2):381-389

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-07
  • 最后修改日期:2017-10-05
  • 录用日期:2017-10-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-08
  • 出版日期: 2019-04-25