Soil samples were collected and measured from Ninghua of Fujian Province in order to identify the spatial variation in soil nutrients, physical properties, microbes and tobacco yield and quality after land consolidation. The results showed that soil available nutrient contents had larger spatial variation than those of total nutrients, with CV higher than 30%. The CV of soil microbe counts and diversity index were from 66.17% to 111.71%, indicting strong variations. Land consolidation mainly influenced the ratios between upper and middle grade leaves, between sugar and nicotine. Tobacco yield and quality varied mainly in range of 285.91 m. In conclusion, land consolidation can result in huge spatial variations in soil nutrients, physical properties and microbe counts, and can influence obviously tobacco yield and quality, so soil amelioration is necessary after land consolidation.