Diagnosis of soil pollution has important guiding significance for early warning of soil pollution and evaluating the remediation effect. In recent years, soil pollution is becoming more and more serious and pollution type presents a complicated and diversified trend, so the traditional chemical method cannot meet the requirements of comprehensive diagnosis for soil pollution due to single detection index, complex pre-treatment, and high cost. Compared with traditional chemical methods, the ecotoxicological diagnosis of soil pollution, with high sensitivity, fast response time, combinative detection index, and the unique advantage of reflecting the pollutant stress effect from microscopic view, has become a hot spot in soil pollution diagnosis. In this paper, based on the domestic and foreign literatures, different levels of diagnostic methods based on plants, animals, microorganisms, cells and molecules are presented, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are pointed out, and the prospect is forecasted.