中国小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标与适宜施钾量研究
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作者单位:

1.中国农业大学草地研究所;2.凯风新农北京科技有限公司;3.北京薯网农业科学研究院;4.凯风新农北京科技有限公司 北京;5.北京东方润泽生态科技股份有限公司 北京

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中图分类号:

S153.6;S519

基金项目:

国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-35)资助。


Study on Abundance-deficiency Indices of Soil Available Potassium and Appropriate Potassium Application Rates for Wheat in China
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Affiliation:

1.China Agricultural University;2.Beijing Cofine Sci.&Tech Co.,Ltd.;3.Beijing Potato Net Agriculture Science Academy;4.Beijing Insentek Technology Co.,Ltd.

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    摘要:

    系统总结我国开展的小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标与适宜施钾量研究,结果表明:30 a来我国小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标明显提高;不同区域之间小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标差异颇大,以缺钾处理相对产量90% 指标为例,土壤NH4OAc-K含量变动于80 ~ 246 mg/kg;除黄淮海平原、四川盆地、关中灌区和河套灌区外,我国小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标研究存在很多空白区域;小麦土壤缺钾较为普遍,第2 ~ 4级为土壤速效钾集中分布的丰缺级别,缺钾处理相对产量大多处在70% ~ 100%;土壤养分丰缺指标研究的试验点数不宜过少,丰缺指标高端和低端采用外推数据需谨慎,并应予以注明;适宜施钾量与土壤速效钾丰缺级别线性负相关,与小麦目标产量线性正相关,与钾肥当季利用率线性负相关;当钾肥当季利用率50%、目标产量3.0 ~ 12 t/hm2时,土壤速效钾丰缺级别第1 ~ 7级的小麦适宜施钾量范围依次为 0、17 ~ 67、34 ~ 134、50 ~ 202、67 ~ 269、84 ~ 336和101 ~ 403 kg/hm2

    Abstract:

    In this paper, results of studies on abundance-deficiency index (ADI) of soil available potassium (SAK) for wheat and appropriate potassium fertilizer application rate (APFAR) conducted in China were systematically summarized and analyzed. The results showed that ADI of SAK for wheat in China had improved obviously in recent 30 years. There were considerable differences in ADI of SAK for wheat in different regions, and ADI of soil NH4OAc-K for wheat for 90% relative yield (RY) of the complete nutrient treatment except potassium (CNTEP, i.e., K-deficient treatment) changed from 80 to 246 mg/kg. Studies on ADI of SAK for wheat in China left many blank regions except the Huang-huai-hai Plain, Sichuan Basin, Guanzhong irrigation area and Hetao irrigation area. K deficiency for wheat were common in China, SAK for wheat was focused on 2 – 4 levels, and most RYs of CNTEP were between 70% – 100%. For research on ADI of soil nutrients, the number of trial sites should not be too little, and it should be careful and indicated using extrapolating data for the high-end and low-end of ADI. APFAR was linearly negatively correlated with SAK abundance-deficiency level for wheat. APFAR was linearly positively correlated with the yield goal of wheat. APFAR was linearly negatively correlated with potassium fertilizer use efficiency in current season (PFUEICS). When PFUEICS was 50% and the target yield was 3.0 – 12 t/hm2, APFAR for wheat of SAK abundance-deficiency level 1 – 7 from high to low were 0, 17 – 67, 34 – 134, 50 – 202, 67 – 269, 84 – 336 and 101 – 403 kg/hm2, respectively.

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孙洪仁,张吉萍,冮丽华,吕玉才,王应海.中国小麦土壤速效钾丰缺指标与适宜施钾量研究[J].土壤,2019,51(5):895-902. SUN Hongren, ZHANG Jiping, GANG Lihua, Lü Yucai, WANG Yinghai. Study on Abundance-deficiency Indices of Soil Available Potassium and Appropriate Potassium Application Rates for Wheat in China[J]. Soils,2019,51(5):895-902

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-07
  • 最后修改日期:2018-06-18
  • 录用日期:2018-06-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-16
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-25