0–10 cm topsoils of the typical stubble field of hulless oat (SH), the ploughing and raking field (PR) and the ploughing field without raking (P) in the agro-pastoral transition zone of the north foot of Yinshan Mountain were taken as the targets, the characteristics and differences in soil particle size distributions (PSDs) under the three management patterns were analyzed by adopting the multifractal theory. The results showed that clay content is extremely low under all kinds of management patterns, P and SH patterns are dominated by silts and fine sands, while PR dominated by silts and very fine sands. The general dimension spectrum D(q) is the inverse S-shape decreasing function, and D₀ >D₁ >D₂; the multifractal spectrum f(q) is a unimodal curve like left hook-shape, with Δα values ranged in 2.405-2.596, indicating a high degree of homogeneity, therefore multifractality could be used to describe the characteristics of PSD. D₁ and D₂, the multifractal parameters, are significantly positively correlated with clay content, D₀ /D₁ is significantly positively correlated with silt content and negatively correlated with fine sand content, while Δf is on the contrary. Management pattern has significant effects on PSD and D₀, Δα and Δf (P< 0.05), but has insignificant effect on D₁, D₁ /D₀, D₂ and α₀. According to these results, it is suggest that the stubble should be left in farmland or be used to cover the farmland, and appropriate plough style should be chosen according to the local prevailing wind direction.