In this paper, the wetlands in Yunqiao wetland returned from farmland with different years (3, 5, 7 a) in Chengdu Water Source Protection Area were selected to study soil physiochemical properties and enzyme activities under different vegetation communities and to evaluate the effects of vegetation communities on wetland restoration. The results showed that soil nutrients and enzyme activities of the returned wetlands were in the order of 5 a <3 a <7 a. The fertility of returned wetland increased gradually in 5 a returning. Enzyme activities in the 3 – 5 a returned wetlands were lower than those in the control area, but no significant difference was observed between the 7 a returned wetland and the control area. There were differences in wetland restoration effects under different vegetation communities, among of which, paspalum showed the best, but reed was poorer. Correlation analysis showed that soil pH, alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium, amylase and urease activities could be used as the indexes to evaluate the effects of wetland ecological restoration in the protection area in the water source in Chengdu. In summary, the above results provided the scientific guidance for the management and maintenance in the late period of returned wetland in water source protection area.