Aiming at artificially restoring vegetation in an alpine mine-dump area in Qinghai, four aspects (southeast, south, north and east) at two dumps in the Jiangcang mining area, Qinghai, were selected as the study plots, and their characteristics of artificial vegetations and soils were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that at different aspects, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in vegetation height, coverage, aboveground biomass, and the number of reproductive branches except seedling height. Vegetation on the southeast and south aspects (sunny aspect) grew better than on other aspects. There was no significant difference in soil total N, available P contents and pH among the different aspects. Soil total P and available N, available K, organic matter and moisture showed significant differences (P<0.05) among different aspects. Organic matter content on the north aspect was 127.95 g/kg higher than other three aspects (P<0.05), soil moistures on the north and east aspects were significantly higher than on the south and southeast ones (P<0.05). The populations of soil bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly higher on the southeast aspect than on the other aspects (P<0.05). Results of Random Forest analysis revealed that soil bacteria, water content, available N, total P, height of vegetation and soil organic matter content were the main influencing factors of the characteristics of vegetation and soil in the open-cast coal mine drainage field. Therefore, in order to reduce the impacts of different aspects in the re-greening process of the mine drainage area, the quantity of seeds sowed on east and north aspects (shady aspect) should be increased at the initial stage of artificial planting, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in time, and thick non-woven fabric (>50 g/m²) should be used to cover the field to boost seed germination rate.