Selenium is one of the important trace elements in humans and animals and plays an important role in the development of functional agriculture. In order to study the combination characteristics and sources of selenium and other elements in high selenium soils to support the safe and effective utilization of selenium-enriched land resources, two hundred topsoil samples and two sets of vertical soil profile samples were collected and analyzed in Shadi Town, Enshi. The topsoil data were interpreted by cluster analysis and factor analysis using statistical tools. The results showed that the arithmetic mean value of selenium content in the topsoil of the study area was 1.88 mg/kg ± 2.51 mg/kg, which was significantly higher than that in the topsoil of the country. Soil element combinations in the study area can be divided into three categories, in the first type, selenium, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, cadmium, nickel and other elements had strong relationships, and are closely related to the distribution of black rock series; the second type included aluminum oxide, lead and arsenic, which were related to clay minerals in the soil; the third type included calcium and strontium, indicating that the geochemical properties of the same group elements were close to each other. The results of factor analysis further confirmed that the black rock series were the main source of selenium and cadmium in the soil. The differences of element concentrations in various soil parent materials were significant.