The rising of atmospheric CO₂ concentration([CO₂]) and temperature are the main scenarios for future climate change. Clarifying the response of rice yield and its components to elevated[CO₂] and temperature is an important part of agricultural production to cope with climate change. In this study, the effects of elevated[CO₂] and temperature on rice yield and its components were discussed based on the multi-year rice production data from a fully open-elevated temperature and CO₂-free air-controlled enrichment (T-FACE). The results showed high[CO₂] treatment (C⁺T) increased rice yield by about 11.1% (5-year average) through enhancing the panicle number and seed setting rate. Increasing temperature (CT⁺) by 1-2℃ reduced the panicle number and spikelet number per panicle, resulting in a decrease of rice yield by 10%-25%. Rice yield decreased by about 10% under the combination of elevated CO₂ and temperature (C⁺T⁺), indicating that the negative effect of elevated temperature was not completely offset by elevated[CO₂]. Comparing the multi-year experimental data, it was found that the effect trend of the same treatment on yield was relatively consistent. However, the response of yield differed between years. With the increase of interannual ambient temperature during rice-growing, rice yield showed a decreasing trend, and warming treatment (CT⁺, C⁺T⁺) further reduced rice yield, which increased the risk of grain yield reduction. Still, rice yield in the year with lower ambient temperature declined less than that in the year with higher ambient temperature. These findings suggest that the interannual shift of ambient temperature might be an important factor affecting rice yield.