The aim of this study is to explore enzyme activities and nutrient contents in red soil aggregates under different planting patterns, and to provide the theoretical basis for improving the quality of cultivated land. Four treatments, soybean monoculture (DD), corn monoculture (MM), soybean maize intercropping (MD) and bare soil (CK), were used to obtain aggregates with 2-1 mm, 1-0.25 and <0.25 mm sizes by dry screening method, and enzyme activities and nutrient contents in aggregates were measured. The results showed as follows:1) Compared with CK, DD and MM, MD significantly increased the contents of 1-2 mm aggregates by 22.2%, 13.3% and 16.2%, respectively. 2) MD significantly increased the contents of organic matter, available phosphorus and alklyzable nitrogen in 2-1 mm aggregates. Compared with DD and CK, MD significantly increased the contents of organic matter, available phosphorus and alklyzable nitrogen in 2-1 mm aggregates by 11.9%, 29.2%, 51.1%, 57.5% and 16.5%, 29.1%, respectively. The content of available potassium in DD was significantly higher than those in CK, MM and MD. 3) Compared with CK, DD and MM, MD significantly increased urease activity in 2-1 mm and 1-0.25 mm aggregates by 61.0%, 18.8%, 14.5% and 65.0%, 17.9%, 13.8%, respectively. The activities of sucrase in 2-1mm aggregates and acid phosphatase in <0.25 mm aggregates were significantly increased by 63.8%, 57.1%, 32.8% and 80.4%, 44.3%, 74.1%, respectively. 4) RDA showed that the activities of urease and sucrase in 2-1mm aggregates were significantly positively correlated with the contents of available phosphorus and organic matter. In addition, enzyme activities in 1-0.25 mm aggregates were significantly positively correlated with the contents of organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, while those in <0.25 mm aggregates were significantly positively correlated with the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus. The results prove that reasonable planting patterns can not only promote the formation of large soil aggregates, but also increase their enzyme activities and nutrient contents, thus, can improve soil fertility and cultivated land quality.