叶面喷施高螯合率山梨醇螯合钾对芹菜产量、品质及钾素吸收利用的影响
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S636.3;S143

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国家自然科学基金项目(31972516)和山东省重点研发计划项目(2017GNC11116)资助。


Effects of Foliar Spraying Sorbitol-chelated Potassium with High Chelation Rate on Yield, Quality, Potassium Uptake and Utilization of Celery
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National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31972516) and the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province, China (No. 2017GNC11116)

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    摘要:

    本试验以温室大棚种植实心芹菜为研究对象,设叶面喷施清水对照 (CK),喷施实验室自制螯合率为 60% (CR60)、70% (CR70)、80% (CR80)、90% (CR90) 和100% (CR100)的山梨醇螯合钾,共 6 个处理,探究叶面喷施不同螯合率山梨醇螯合钾对芹菜收获期产量、品质及钾素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:①与CK处理相比,叶面喷施不同螯合率的山梨醇螯合钾均能促进芹菜生长,提高产量,以CR90 处理增产效果最佳,较CK处理显著增产 27.9%。②CR90 和CR100 处理的叶柄硝酸盐含量与CR60、CR70、CR80 处理相比分别显著降低 13.8% ~ 28.4%、21.2% ~ 34.6%,叶片硝酸盐含量分别降低 2.34% ~ 18.9%、13.2% ~ 27.9%;与CK、CR60、CR70 处理相比,CR90 处理的叶片可溶性糖含量显著提高 57.4% ~ 82.9%;CR90 处理的叶柄可溶性蛋白含量比CK、CR60、CR70、CR100 处理显著增加 16.3% ~ 28.9%,CR70 处理的叶片可溶性蛋白较CR60 处理显著增加 29.0%;CR100 处理的叶柄、叶片可溶性固形物比CK、CR60、CR70、CR80、CR90 处理分别显著增加 4.26% ~ 11.4%、17.0% ~ 35.2%。③不同螯合率处理较CK处理均提高了收获期芹菜的钾素含量与累积量,以CR90 处理提升幅度最为显著,芹菜叶片、叶柄和根系钾素含量分别提高 38.6%、11.8% 和17.4%,钾素累积量分别提高 33.60%、61.8% 和35.1%;基于土壤钾素表观平衡发现,各处理均可促进植株吸收土壤钾素,其中不同处理的土壤钾素盈余量为K2O 12.11 ~ 85.60 kg/hm2,CR90 处理的盈余量最少,为12.11 kg/hm2。可见,在芹菜生长旺盛期喷施高螯合率的山梨醇螯合钾肥,可增加芹菜产量,提高其营养品质,降低硝酸盐含量,提高叶面钾肥贡献率,其中以螯合率 90% 最佳。

    Abstract:

    In this study, the solid celery planted in greenhouse was used as the research object with six treatments: clear-water (CK), self-made sorbitol-chelated potassium fertilizer with the chelating rate of 60% (CR60), 70% (CR70), 80% (CR80), 90% (CR90) and 100% (CR100). The effects of foliar spraying with different chelation rates of sorbitol-chelated potassium on the yield, quality, potassium uptake and utilization of celery during harvest period were investigated. The results showed that: 1)Compared with CK, foliar spraying of sorbitol-chelated potassium accelerated celery growth and yield, CR90 showed the best effect of yield increase, which significantly increased the yield by 27.9% compared with CK. 2)Compared with CR60, CR70 and CR80, nitrate contents in petioles of CR90 and CR100 decreased by 13.8%-28.4% and 21.2%-34.6% respectively, while nitrate content in leaves reduced by 2.34%-18.9% and 13.2%-27.9%, respectively. Compared with CK, CR60 and CR70, soluble sugar content in leaves of CR90 was dramatically increased by 57.4%-82.9%. Soluble protein content of petiole of CR90 was remarkably enhanced by 16.3%-28.9% compared with CK, CR60, CR70 and CR100. Soluble protein content of leaves of CR70 was greatly increased by 29.0% compared with CR60. Compared with CK, CR60, CR70, CR80 and CR90, soluble solids of petiole and leaf of CR100 were substantially promoted by 4.26%-11.4% and 17.0%-35.2%, respectively. 3)Compared with CK, CR treatments increased potassium content and accumulation in celery at harvest stage, and CR90 had the most obvious result, whose potassium content in celery leaves, petioles and roots increased by 38.6%, 11.8% and 17.4%, respectively, and the potassium accumulation increased by 33.60%, 61.8% and 35.1%, respectively. Based on plant potassium application, soil and leaf potassium uptake, the apparent balance of soil potassium was calculated. It was found that foliar application of different rates promoted the absorption of soil potassium by plants. The surplus of different chelation rates was K2O 12.11-85.60 kg/hm2, and the surplus of CR90 was the least, which was 12.11 kg/hm2. In conclusion, the application of high chelation rate sorbitol-chelated potassium fertilizer could increase celery yield, improve its nutritional quality, reduce nitrate content, and ensure the contribution rate of foliar potassium fertilizer, of which the optimal chelation rate of sorbitol chelated potassium fertilizer was 90% for celery.

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张静,孙伟,张子琪,石祥,赵立,朱健龙,郑瑞丽,张明霞,刘可忠,颜冬云.叶面喷施高螯合率山梨醇螯合钾对芹菜产量、品质及钾素吸收利用的影响[J].土壤,2025,57(3):530-539. ZHANG Jing, SUN Wei, ZHANG Ziqi, SHI Xiang, ZHAO Li, ZHU Jianlong, ZHENG Ruili, ZHANG Mingxia, LIU Kezhong, YAN Dongyun. Effects of Foliar Spraying Sorbitol-chelated Potassium with High Chelation Rate on Yield, Quality, Potassium Uptake and Utilization of Celery[J]. Soils,2025,57(3):530-539

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-26
  • 录用日期:2024-11-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-08
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