滴灌追肥统筹方式对烤烟氮磷钾吸收利用的影响
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S572

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云南省技术创新人才项目(202105AD160004)和云南省烟草公司科技计划重大项目(2022530000241033,2024530000241018)资助。


Effects of Drip Fertigation Modes for Top-dressing on N, P and K Uptake and Utilization of Tobacco
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    摘要:

    为探明适宜的烤烟滴灌追肥统筹方式,采用田间小区试验,以当地常规追肥干施为对照,研究2次、3次和4次滴灌追肥对烤烟生物量、土壤矿质氮含量及烤烟氮磷钾吸收利用的影响。结果表明,随着滴灌追肥次数的增加,烟株成熟期叶片及全株生物量、旺长期和全生育期土壤矿质氮平均含量随之增加,叶片氮和钾含量、氮磷钾累积量及其利用率均随之提升。成熟期烤烟叶片及全株氮素累积量与旺长期土壤矿质氮平均含量间有极显著的正相关关系(r =0.526 ~ 0.816,P<0.01)。与追肥干施相比,2次和3次滴灌追肥氮肥和钾肥利用率均无显著差异,4次滴灌追肥氮肥和钾肥利用率分别显著提高了57.7% 和58.5%(P<0.05);不同滴灌追肥次数磷肥利用率显著下降了35.7% ~ 50.0%(P<0.05),且处理间无显著差异。与2次和3次滴灌追肥相比,4次滴灌追肥有利于维持和稳定旺长期土壤矿质氮含量水平,促进烟株的生长发育及对养分的吸收和累积利用,是试验区域内适宜的滴灌追肥统筹方式。

    Abstract:

    Inorder to explore the suitable integrated method of drip irrigation and top-dressing for tobacco, a field plot experiment was conducted, with the conventional dry fertilization as the control (CK), to study the effects of 2, 3, and 4 drip irrigation and top-dressing on the biomass of tobacco, soil mineral nitrogen contents, and the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Results showed that with the increase of drip fertigation times, the biomass of tobacco leaves and the whole plant at maturity stage, as well as the average content of soil mineral nitrogen during the vigorous growth stage and the whole growth stage, increased accordingly. Nitrogen and potassium contents in the leaves, as well as the accumulation and use efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium also increased. There was a significant correlation between nitrogen accumulation in the leaves and the whole plant at maturity stage and the average content of soil mineral nitrogen during the vigorous growth stage (r=0.526-0.816, P<0.01). Compared with CK, there was no significant difference in the utilization rates of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers under 2 and 3 times of drip fertigation. However, use efficiencies of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were significantly improved by 57.7% and 58.5% (P<0.05) under 4 times of drip fertigation, while the use efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer significantly decreased by 35.7%-50.0% (P<0.05) under drip fertigation, with no significant difference among all fertigation treatments. Compared with 2 and 3 times of drip fertigation, 4 times of drip fertigation is more beneficial for maintaining and stabilizing soil mineral nitrogen content during the vigorous growth stage, promoting the growth, development, and nutrient absorption and utilization of tobacco plant, thus is most suitable for tobacco top-dressing in the experimental area.

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马二登,薛如君,高天,刘忠华,封幸兵,徐照丽,李军营,童文杰,邓小鹏,赵正雄.滴灌追肥统筹方式对烤烟氮磷钾吸收利用的影响[J].土壤,2025,57(3):540-548. MA Erdeng, XUE Rujun, GAO Tian, LIU Zhonghua, FENG Xingbing, XU Zhaoli, LI Junying, TONG Wenjie, DENG Xiaopeng, ZHAO Zhengxiong. Effects of Drip Fertigation Modes for Top-dressing on N, P and K Uptake and Utilization of Tobacco[J]. Soils,2025,57(3):540-548

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-04
  • 最后修改日期:2024-09-09
  • 录用日期:2024-09-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-08
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