In this study, with the overlying modern soil as a comparative reference and through systematic excavation of soil profiles and subsequent sampling and analysis, the buried paleosol in the Mufu Mountain region was explored by a comprehensive examination of the accumulation, composition, and quality characteristics of residual humus in the soil. The results showed that: 1) The total accumulation of humus was consistent between ancient and modern soil horizons, with more pronounced accumulation observed in the leaching layer; 2) In terms of soil humus content, except for the ancient leaching layer with the highest content of humic acid, the overall characteristics of humus content in the soil layers of the other profile sequences were similar, with humin>humic acid>fulvic acid; 3) Regarding proportional representation of these components, no significant differences existed between modern leaching layers and modern accumulation layers; however, significant differences were present between ancient leaching layers and ancient accumulation layers; 4) The quality of humus in the leaching layer of buried ancient soils was relatively high, while other soil layers generally exhibited a ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid (H/F) less than 1.