Using Zhejiang Province as the primary research area, we utilized the carbon emission coefficient method to quantify both direct and indirect carbon emissions arising from land use activities, their spatial and temporal patterns, and the underlying influential factors. The results showed that: 1) From 2005 to 2022, the primary trend in the land use change was the increase of construction land coupled with the decreases of both cultivated and forested lands. 2) The net carbon emissions from land use were experiencing a rapid surge. There were significant differences in the carbon emissions associated with different land use types. Notably, the carbon emissions originating from construction land constituted the primary source. 3) The net carbon emission of land use in northern Zhejiang was significantly higher than that in southern Zhejiang, and there were obvious differences in net carbon emissions among different cities. There were certain aggregation characteristics locally, mainly manifested as the "high-high aggregation area" represented by Shaoxing and the "high-low aggregation area" represented by Wenzhou. 4) Five factors, specifically energy consumption intensity and density, the scale of construction land, the level of economic development, and population size, contributed to the rise in net carbon emissions from land use. Conversely, the factors of carbon emission intensity and land use economic efficiency act as inhibitors of net carbon emissions from land use. Thus, it is advisable to devise policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions from land use, taking into account the land use patterns, energy consumption, economic growth, and population size, in order to further advance the low-carbon development of land use in Zhejiang Province.