In order to develop a new method for improving the aggregate structure of sandy soil, indoor cultivation experiments were conducted to study the improvement effects of two polymer materials (chitosan oligosaccharide, poly γ-glutamic acid) combined with wood vinegar on the soil aggregates and enzyme activities of saline soil. The results showed that the application of polymer materials combined with wood vinegar can significantly reduce soil pH and EC, and have varying degrees of promoting effects on soil organic matter. The combination of 0.2% or 0.4% (soil mass percentage) chitosan oligosaccharides and wood vinegar significantly increased the content of ＞0.25 mm macroaggregates and promoted the increase of mean weight diameter (MWD); The combination of 0.4% (soil mass percentage) poly γ-glutamic acid and wood vinegar can significantly increase the content of 0.053-0.25 mm microaggregates and reduce the content of ＜0.053 mm clay particles; The activities of soil sucrase, urease, phosphatase, and catalase increased by 16.28%- 350.16% compared to the control under the condition of polymer materials combined with wood vinegar; macroaggregates, clay particles, urease activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity are significantly correlated with the stability of water stable aggregates. The combination of polymer materials and wood vinegar can promote the formation of saline soil aggregates, improve soil aggregate structure, enhance soil aggregate stability, and enhance soil enzyme activity. This study has important theoretical and practical application value for the improvement of saline soil structure and the enhancement of soil fertility.